Current assessment practices for noncancer end points.

Current assessment practices for noncancer end points.

The need for assessing noncancer risks for agents to which humans are routinely exposed indoors arises from the large amount of time spent indoors (i.e., employed persons spend about 60% of their time at home indoors, 30% at work indoors, and 5% in transit). Sources of air pollutants include heating and cooling systems, combustion appliances, personal use products, furnishings, tobacco products...

Building on Success: Assessment Categories for Experimental Noncancer End Points

Risk characterization framework for noncancer end points.

The nature of both indoor air exposures and noncancer end points present significant issues for risk characterization. Noncancer end points are multidimensional, affecting various organs, and are assumed to have thresholds. Symptoms also vary in severity within a population. In addition to the complexity of noncancer risk assessment, indoor air exposures are typified by the presence of complex ...

Noncancer Risk Assessment: A Probabilistic Alternative to Current Practice

Based on imperfect data and theory, agencies such as the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) currently derive "reference doses" (RfDs) to guide risk managers charged with ensuring that human exposures to chemicals are below population thresholds. The RfD for a chemical is typically reported as a single number, even though it is widely acknowledged that there are significant un...

Psychological Assessment for Bariatric Surgery: Current Practices

INTRODUCTION The prevalence of obesity on a global scale has alarmed health institutions, the general population and professionals involved in its treatment. Bariatric surgery has emerged as an effective and lasting alternative for weight reduction and improved general health. In this context and as part of a multidisciplinary team, psychologists are responsible for the preoperative psychologic...